Keloid Scar

A keloid scar is a raised scar that develops after an injury or skin trauma. Unlike normal scars, keloids grow beyond the original wound's boundaries and can be discolored, itchy, and sometimes painful. They occur due to excessive collagen production during the healing process.

Key Characteristics:

• Raised and Thick: Keloids are elevated above the surrounding skin and can be firm or rubbery. 
• Extends Beyond Initial Wound: They grow beyond the original area of the injury, unlike hypertrophic scars. 
• Discoloration: Keloids can be pink, red, purple, or darker than the surrounding skin. 
• Symptoms: They can cause itching, pain, or a burning sensation. 
• Location: While they can form anywhere, keloids are common on earlobes, shoulders, chest, and cheeks. 
• Not Harmful: While not harmful to physical health, keloids can cause emotional distress due to their appearance. 

Causes and Risk Factors:

• Abnormal Wound Healing: Keloids result from an overproduction of collagen during the healing process. 
• Skin Injuries: They can develop after cuts, burns, acne, piercings, or even minor scratches. 
• Genetics: People with darker skin tones are more prone to keloids. 
• Age: Keloids are more common in individuals under 30. 

Treatment:

• Corticosteroid Injections: These can help flatten and soften the scar. 
• Silicone Sheets or Gels: These can help reduce the size and appearance of keloids. 
• Cryotherapy: Freezing the keloid can help reduce its size. 
• Surgical Removal: In some cases, surgery may be necessary, but it can also lead to keloid recurrence. 
• Radiation Therapy: May be used after surgical removal to help prevent recurrence. 
• Pressure Garments: Can help prevent keloid formation after surgery or injury. 
• Other Treatments: Laser therapy, interferon injections, and other treatments may also be used.